The Queer Archaeology of the book‘s title traces the scientification of archaeology and art history that began around 250 years ago with Johann Joachim Winckelmann; at the same time, it wants to invite qu(e)erthoughts, to brush the topic against the grain from a cross-gender perspective. In five sections and 22 contributions from different disciplines, aspects of gender identity are negotiated using the example of ancient and prehistoric archaeology, Egyptology, art history, and comparative literature.